On Prayer - Saint Nilus the ascetic.
Prologue
Do we contemporary Christians perhaps know
what a true prayer is, what its characteristics are and what its fruits are?
The Saints of our Church, who were the par
excellence praying people, have passed on to us their sacred experience in an expressive
and categorical manner. Prayer, they
tell us, is the elevation of the mind towards God and conversation with Him. Prayer
is the union of man with God, the work of the angels, the key to Paradise; illumination
of the soul, forgiveness of sins and the mother of virtues. Prayer is an
invincible weapon, an unspent treasure, a bridge that saves from temptations
and a wall that protects from sorrows. Prayer is a mirror of man's spiritual
life and a never-ending labour.
One can therefore easily understand that
prayer does not constitute a mere "religious duty" or an emotional relief. It
is the atmosphere in which the soul lives. It is man's total about-face and
offering of himself to God. An offering which, when accompanied by the struggle
to uphold the commandments of Christ, attracts divine grace. And this in turn
cleanses the heart, illumines the mind, transforms the whole man and "Christifies"
him.
That is why the Christian who does not
pray, is not a true Christian. And a person who does not know how to pray is
not a fulfilled person.
"Just as the body" says the blessed Chrysostom,
"without the soul, is dead, likewise the soul without prayer is dead".
In the pages that follow is selectively
offered, in a modern, free rendition, a classic work of Patristic literature: "A
Word on Prayer" which is recorded in the Philokalia texts and attributed to the
Sinaite Saint Nilus the ascetic (5th century).
The entire work consists of 153 small but
comprehensive "chapters" that securely guide along the road to spiritual prayer
whoever desires to read them, not hastily, but to study them carefully and
assimilate them. For it is true that for today's man, the message of Saint
Nilus is solid sustenance. It is a powerful antidote to the spiritual famine of
our time, where the "mystery of lawlessness" is being carried out at a very
speedy pace.
During the oncoming temptations, only the
"in spirit and in truth" communion with the truly Existing God, the Almighty
Lord, will nurture us and support us. Today, His word sounds even
more arousing and salvific than ever before: "Watch and be vigilant and pray.....
that you may become worthy of escaping all that is to happen and to stand before
the Son of Man (Mark 13:33 and Luke 21:36).
Prayer.
Prayer is the ascent of the mind towards
God. It is a spiritual labour that befits the human mind more than any other preoccupation.
Prayer is born from meekness and the lack
of anger that brings to the soul joy and pleasure; it protects man from sorrow
and depression.
Just as bread is food for the body and
virtue is food for the soul, so the food for the mind (nous) is spiritual
prayer.
Just as vision is superior to all the other
senses, so is prayer more divine and sacred than all virtues.
He who loves God, always converses with Him
like son to father and is averse to every impassioned thought.
Since prayer is an association of the mind
with God, then in what state must the mind possibly be, in order to be able,
without turning elsewhere, to approach its Lord and converse with Him without
the mediation of something else?
If
Moses in his attempt to approach the burning bush was hindered until he had
removed the sandals from his feet, then shouldn't you who desires to see God
and converse with Him, remove and cast out of you every sinful thought?
The entire war between us and the unclean
demons does not occur for any other reason but for spiritual prayer, because prayer
is extremely hostile and obtrusive to them, whereas for us it is a cause for
our salvation, enjoyable and pleasant.
What do demons seek to arouse inside us? Gluttony,
prostitution, avarice, anger, resentfulness and all the other passions that
fatten the mind so that it will be unable to pray properly; because when irrational
passions prevail, they do not allow the mind to move logically.
Do not think that you have acquired virtue
if you have not previously struggled for it, even unto blood. Because,
according to the apostle Paul (Eph 6:11) we must resist sin to the death, with a
fighting spirit and an irreproachable manner.
A bound person cannot run. Nor can the
mind, which works like a slave for a certain passion, be able to offer a true
prayer, because it is dragged around and wanders here and there on account of
impassioned thoughts and cannot remain undisturbed.
You will not be able to pray clearly if you
are preoccupied with material things and are agitated by incessant cares,
because prayer implies riddance of every care.
If you wis
h to pray, you are in need of
God, Who grants true prayer to whoever persists tirelessly in the struggle of
prayer. Invoke Him therefore by saying: "Blessed be Thy Name, Thy Kingdom come"
(Matt 6:9); in other words, may the Holy Spirit and Your only begotten Son come,
because this is what Christ taught us, when telling us that we must adore and
worship God the Father "with the power of the Spirit, Who reveals the Truth"
(John 4:24).
First of all, pray to acquire tears, in
order to soften with mourning the savageness of your soul. You will then easily
confess with honesty before the Lord all the sins that you have committed and
you shall receive forgiveness from Him.
Use your tears to succeed in every request
of yours. For the Lord is greatly pleased when you pray with tears.
If during your prayer you shed fountains of
tears, do not pride yourself that you are above many others. This is not your
accomplishment; it is assistance for your prayer from the Lord, so that you will
be able to thus confess your sins willingly and appease Him.
When you believe that you do not need tears
in your prayer for your sins, consider how far you have drifted away from God,
when "you should constantly be near Him" and then you will weep more fervently.
Indeed, if you have an awareness of your
condition, you will mourn gladly, deploring yourself and saying like the
prophet Isaiah "How is it that while I am unclean and full of passions, I dare
to appear before the Almighty Lord? (Isaiah 6:5).
If you wish to pray in praiseworthy way,
deny yourself at every moment; and if you suffer many hardships, reflect on the
relief you will find when you take refuge in prayer.
If you long to pray as you should, do not
sorrow any person. Otherwise your prayer is futile.
Whatever you do against your brother who
has wronged you, will all become obstacles during your prayer.
"Leave your offering" says Christ, "in
front of the altar and go first and be reconciled with your brother and then
come to pray without any agitation" (Matt 5:24), because resentfulness dulls
the logic of man who prays and darkens his prayers.
Those who pray but accumulate sorrows and
grudges inside them are likened to people who draw water from the well and
empty it into a leaking container.
Do not be fond of chattering and human
glory. Otherwise, the demons will conspire against you, not behind your back,
but in front of your very eyes and they will rejoice with you during prayer
time, as they will easily distract you and entice you with uncanny thoughts.
If you wish to pray clearly, do not give in
to any carnal demands and you will not have any cloud overshadowing you during
prayer.
Do not avoid poverty and sorrow, because
they make prayer seem lighter.
Be careful! Are you truly standing before
God during the time of prayer, or are you perhaps conquered by human praise and
you seek it, by saying many and lengthy prayers?
Do not pray like the Pharisee but rather like
the tax collector, so that you too may be vindicated by the Lord.
The praiseworthiness of prayer does not lie
in its quantity but its quality. This becomes apparent in the parable of the
Tax Collector and the Pharisee and the words of Christ: "When you pray, do not
ramble like the idolaters; for they think that with their chatter they will be hearkened"
(Matt 6:7).
Do not pray only with external gestures;
instead exhort your mind to be aware of the task of prayer with immense fear.
Whether praying alone or together with your
brothers, struggle to pray, not out of habit but with awareness.
Awareness of prayer means the gathering of
the mind (Nous) with piety, with devout concentration, with secret sighs and the
soul's pain that accompanies the confession of our sins.
You should remain standing and endure the exertion,
praying with intensity and perseverance and scorn the cares and the thoughts
that come to you. For they agitate and upset you, in order to paralyze your
strength and intensity.
If you are patient, you will always pray
with joy.
Strive to keep your mind deaf and mute during
the hour of prayer. Only thus will you be able to pray.
Chanting quells the passions and pacifies
the disorderly movements of your body. Therefore chant with awareness and seemliness
and you will thus resemble an eaglet soaring high.
If you have not yet received the gift of
prayer or chanting, ask for it persistently and you shall receive it.
The devil greatly envies the person who
prays, and he uses every possible trick with the intent to hinder his purpose.
Thus, when demons see that you are willing to pray sincerely, they will
intentionally remind you of certain supposedly necessary things. Soon after,
however, they make you forget them, then they force you to look for them. And
because you do not remember them, you become worried and sad. When you resume your prayer, they again remind
you of the things you were looking for, so that your mind turns back to those
things again, and eventually lose that fruitful prayer.
During prayer, your memory will bring you either
fantasies of past things or recent cares or the face of the one who had grieved
you. Therefore, guard your memory well, so that it does not present you with
its own cares. And continuously urge yourself
to remain aware in Whose presence it is standing, because it is very natural
for the mind to be easily carried away by memory during the time of prayer.
The attention paid by the mind that seeks
prayer will find prayer, because prayer follows attention more than anything
else. Let us therefore ensure that we willingly strive to acquire attention.
At times, by remaining standing during
prayer, you can immediately concentrate and pray well; at other times, you may
strive very hard, but not achieve your purpose. This occurs, so that you may ask
for prayer with greater zeal; and after acquiring it, to have it as your
inalienable achievement.
Know that the holy angels prompt us to pray
and stand alongside us and rejoice and pray for us. If we therefore become negligent
and accept the thoughts that the demons subject us to, we greatly dismay the
angels, because, while they strive so much for our sake, we do not want to beseech
God - not even for our own sake; instead, by ignoring their services and
abandoning their Lord and God, we converse with unclean demons.
A true prayer is said by the one who always
offers his first thought as a sacrifice to God.
Do not pray for your desires to be
realized, because they certainly do not agree with the will of God; but rather,
as you were taught, say in your prayer: "Let Your Will be done" (Matt 6:10), and
for every single thing, you should likewise ask God that His Will be done, because
He wants whatever is best and beneficial for your soul.
I have often asked God through prayer for
something I thought to be good. And I insisted illogically on asking for it, thus
violating the divine will. I would not let God provide whatever He knew would
be to my benefit. And so, having received what I had asked for, I afterwards felt
very sorry that I had not asked that His Will be done, because things did not
turn out as I had thought they would.
What is benevolent, if not God? Let us
therefore entrust all our needs with Him and everything will go well, as the benevolent
One definitely also bestows beneficial gifts.
In your prayer, ask only for the justice
and the Kingdom of God - in other words, virtue and divine knowledge - and all
the rest will then be added to you.
Entrust the needs of your body to God, and
that will reveal to Him that you also entrust the needs of your spirit.
Strive in your prayer to never seek any evil
to befall anyone, so that you do not destroy whatever you have built by making
your prayer abhorrent.
Let the debtor of the ten thousand talents
in the Gospel be an example to you. If you do not forgive the person who has
harmed you, neither will you attain the absolution of your sins; because the Gospel
says of the debtor of the ten thousand talents who did not forgive his debtor,
that "he was delivered to his torturers" (Matt 18:24-35).
It is appropriate that you do not pray only
for yourself, but also for every fellow-man, so that in this way, you will be
emulating the angelic manner of praying.
Do not be sorrowed if you do not immediately
receive from God that which you asked for, because He desires to benefit you
even more, through your patient perseverance in prayer. What is there indeed
more superior to associating with God and conversing with Him?
In wishing to teach His disciples that they
must always pray and not be discouraged, the Lord narrated an appropriate
parable (Luke 18:1-8). In this parable a certain unfair judge said the
following about a widow who was persistently demanding to be vindicated: "Even
if I neither fear God nor feel any shame before people, however, because this
woman continuously bothers me and demands to be vindicated, I shall do so". And
the Lord then concluded: "So also shall God soon fulfill the wish of those who
beseech Him day and night". That is therefore
why you should not be discouraged or worried because you did not receive it,
because you will receive it later. Be happy and persist, enduring the toil of
holy prayer.
Overlook the needs of the body when you
pray, so that you do not lose the greater gain of your prayer from the sting of
a mosquito or the buzzing of a fly.
If you have diligence in prayer, be
prepared for attacks by demons and endure their blows with bravery, because
they shall charge at you like wild beasts, to torment you.
He who suffers sorrowful things, will also
attain joyful ones. He who perseveres during unpleasant things, will also enjoy
pleasant ones.
Do not imagine any form for God when you
pray, or allow any shape to imprint itself in your mind; only approach in an
incorporeal manner the incorporeal God.
Do not desire to see with your bodily eyes
the angels or powers or Christ, in case you might lose your mind completely and
thus accept a wolf instead of a shepherd and worship the demon enemies.
Guard yourself from the traps of the
demons. For it happens that as you pray in peace and quiet, they may suddenly
present you with a strange form, in order to lead you to pride, as you might
suppose that it where the divine is. But the divine is incorporeal and without
form.
Take care to have plenty of humility and
bravery, and no demonic influence will touch your soul. The angels will
invisibly drive away the entire influence of the demons.
When the cunning demon uses numerous means and
cannot hinder the prayer of the righteous, he withdraws for a while. But then
he revenges him later, by pushing him to anger, in order to disperse the
exceptional inner state that was created through prayer, or by arousing him with
carnal desires in order to pollute his soul.
When you pray the way you should, expect
temptations. Stand therefore courageously, to preserve the fruit of your
prayer. Because from the very beginning that is what you committed yourself to
- working the prayer and guarding its fruits. (Gen 2:15). Having worked
therefore, do not leave unguarded what you earned, otherwise you will not have benefited
at all from your prayer.
If you pray in a God pleasing way, you will
meet such trials, that you will think it is only fair that you become angry.
However, no anger against your neighbour is justified. If you study the
situation carefully, you will find that it is also possible to resolve the case
without anger. Resort therefore to every means, so that you do not become angered.
By co-suffering with our ailment, the Holy
Spirit comes to us even though we are unclean because of passions and sins. And
if He finds the mind praying sincerely only to Him, He will prevail over him,
scatter all the legions of evil thoughts and reflections that surround him and exhorts
him towards the love of spiritual prayer.
Do you have a passion for praying? Make yourself dead to this earth. Always have
Heaven as your homeland - not with words, but with an angelic life and divine
knowledge. Forsake all things, so that you may inherit everything.
If you are a true theologian, you will pray
truly. And if you pray truly, you are a true theologian.
Blessed is the mind that during prayer does
not form any shape whatsoever inside it. Blessed is the mind that prays without
being distracted and continuously acquires an increased desire for God. Blessed
is the mind which during the time of prayer becomes incorporeal and free from
everything. Blessed is the mind which during the time of prayer remains
uninfluenced by anything.
If during prayer you feel greater joy than
any other joy, then you have indeed found the true prayer.
The Voice of the Fathers.
"Prayer"
Saint Nilus the ascetic
Holy Monastery of Parakletou
Oropos, Attica 2009.
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